Cambodia is a country in Southeast Asia, borders Laos to the north, Vietnam to the east, Thailand to the northwest, and maritime borders with Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia. It is a land of plains with great rivers, lies on river trade routes linking China to India and Southeast Asia. Cambodia population in 2024 is estimated to be 17.8 million, covers country area of 181,035 sq km (69,898 sq mi), ranks eighty-eighth country by area and the seventy-first most populous country in the world. Cambodia capital and largest city is Phnom Penh, other popular cities are Siem Reap, Battambang, Sisophon, Poipet, Ta Khmau, Sihanoukville, Samraong, Pursat and Stueng Saen. Country code is KHM, Population of Cambodia in 2021 is estimated as 16.95 million, Life expectancy of Cambodia is 67.23 years for male and 72.75 years for female. Buddhism is enshrined in the constitution as the official state religion, practiced by more than 97% of the population.
Below table is the population of Cambodia from 1960 to 2020:| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 5,722,372 |
| 1965 | 6,467,191 |
| 1970 | 6,996,576 |
| 1975 | 7,524,457 |
| 1980 | 6,693,759 |
| 1985 | 7,714,894 |
| 1990 | 8,975,597 |
| 1995 | 10,656,145 |
| 2000 | 12,155,241 |
| 2005 | 13,273,355 |
| 2010 | 14,312,205 |
| 2015 | 15,521,435 |
| 2020 | 16,718,971 |
Cambodia population in 1960 is 5,722,372, by 1970 the population is increased by 1,274,204 totaling to 6,996,576, by 1980 the population is increased to 6,693,759, and by 1990 the total increase of 8,975,597 in 30 years from 1960 to 1990 resulting to 8,975,597. From 1990 to 2000, population increased to 12,155,241, and from 2000 to 2010 the population of Cambodia increase by 2,156,964 with a change of 17.75 percent and increase of population from 2010 to 2020 by 2,406,766 with a change of 16.82 percent and make up to 16,718,971. Cambodia population in 2023 is estimated to be 17.49 million, population in 2022 is estimated to be 17.18 million, Population of Cambodia in 2021 is estimated as 16.95 million.
According to nis, Provisional Population of the 2019 Census show a high annual growth rate in Preah Vihear province with 3.5%, followed by Mondul Kiri with 3.4%, Stung Treng with 3.2%, Otdar Meanchey with 3.1% and Ratanak Kiri with 2.8%. Those provinces with high growth rate have a high fertility rate and their activities mostly into agricultural and other economic activities. The annual growth rates in Phnom Penh and Preah Sihanouk are 3.2% and 2.8%. Phnom Penh and Preah Sihanouk provinces which have plenty of economic activities like tourism and education, and therefore absorbed large numbers of immigrant population, younger people especially from other provinces. Banteay Meanchey, with its special development zone (Paoy Paet), also a target province for migration from other provinces seeking employment opportunities. The Cambodia populations have seen growth for most of the provinces, except Kampong Cham and Battambang where the growth rate has declined.
| Provinces | Households | Males | Females | Population (2019) | Household size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Banteay Meanchey | 177,526 | 426,104 | 433,441 | 859,545 | 4.8 |
| Battambang | 218,584 | 458,902 | 528,498 | 987,400 | 4.5 |
| Kampong Cham | 215,923 | 428,481 | 467,282 | 895,763 | 4.1 |
| Kampong Chhnang | 122,925 | 251,895 | 274,037 | 525,932 | 4.3 |
| Kampong Speu | 187,835 | 424,039 | 448,180 | 872,219 | 4.6 |
| Kampong Thom | 154,458 | 327,013 | 350,247 | 677,260 | 4.4 |
| Kampot | 138,374 | 280,537 | 312,308 | 592,845 | 4.3 |
| Kandal | 273,111 | 580,129 | 615,418 | 1,195,547 | 4.4 |
| Koh Kong | 26,716 | 62,304 | 61,314 | 123,618 | 4.6 |
| Kratie | 86,137 | 185,429 | 187,396 | 372,825 | 4.3 |
| Mondul Kiri | 19,609 | 45,533 | 43,116 | 88,649 | 4.5 |
| Phnom Penh | 399,203 | 1,039,192 | 1,090,179 | 2,129,371 | 5.3 |
| Preah Vihear | 56,331 | 126,624 | 124,728 | 251,352 | 4.5 |
| Prey Veng | 227,008 | 501,346 | 556,082 | 1,057,428 | 4.7 |
| Pursat | 102,253 | 200,392 | 211,367 | 411,759 | 4.0 |
| Ratanak Kiri | 47,417 | 102,325 | 101,702 | 204,027 | 4.3 |
| Siem Reap | 218,659 | 491,568 | 514,944 | 1,006,512 | 4.6 |
| Preah Sihanouk | 51,983 | 153,255 | 149,632 | 302,887 | 5.8 |
| Stung Treng | 34,627 | 83,093 | 76,472 | 159,565 | 4.6 |
| Svay Rieng | 131,937 | 249,446 | 275,108 | 524,554 | 4.0 |
| Takeo | 199,362 | 432,649 | 466,836 | 899,485 | 4.5 |
| Otdar Meanchey | 56,331 | 134,350 | 126,902 | 261,252 | 4.6 |
| Kep | 9,347 | 20,615 | 21,183 | 41,798 | 4.5 |
| Pailin | 16,833 | 36,151 | 35,449 | 71,600 | 4.3 |
| Tbong Khmum | 169,281 | 377,205 | 398,091 | 775,296 | 4.6 |
| Total | 3,341,770 | 7,418,577 | 7,869,912 | 15,288,489 | 4.6 |
Below table shows the population density by provinces in 2008 and 2019. Phnom Penh, the country's capital, is a center of all economic and social activities. Migration from other provinces due to employment and growth mainly in the construction, garment, tourism and educational sectors. The population density for all provinces has increased due to growth of trade, services, culture and other activities. Phnom Penh has the highest population density at 3,136 persons per square kilometer, followed by Kandal, Takeo, Prey Veng, Kampong Cham, Svay Rieng, Preah Sihanouk, Tbong Khmum, Banteay Meanchey, Kep, Kampong Speu and Kampot Provinces. Koh Kong and Mondul Kiri provinces have the lowest population density of between 12 and 6 persons per square kilometer. The population density in Siem Reap, Kampong Chhnang, Pailin, Battambang and Kampong Thom provinces is between 49 and 97 persons per square kilometer.
| Provinces | Population (2008) | Population (2019) | Area (Sq km) | Density (2008) | Density (2019) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Banteay Meanchey | 677,872 | 859,545 | 6,679 | 101 | 129 |
| Battambang | 1,025,174 | 987,400 | 11,702 | 88 | 84 |
| Kampong Cham | 918,956 | 895,763 | 4,549 | 202 | 197 |
| Kampong Chhnang | 472,341 | 525,932 | 5,521 | 86 | 95 |
| Kampong Speu | 716,944 | 872,219 | 7,017 | 102 | 124 |
| Kampong Thom | 631,409 | 677,260 | 13,814 | 46 | 49 |
| Kampot | 585,850 | 592,845 | 4,873 | 120 | 122 |
| Kandal | 1,091,170 | 1,195,547 | 3,179 | 343 | 376 |
| Koh Kong | 117,481 | 123,618 | 10,090 | 12 | 12 |
| Kratie | 319,217 | 372,825 | 11,094 | 29 | 34 |
| Mondul Kiri | 61,107 | 88,649 | 14,288 | 4 | 6 |
| Phnom Penh | 1,501,725 | 2,129,371 | 679 | 2,212 | 3136 |
| Preah Vihear | 171,139 | 251,352 | 13,788 | 12 | 18 |
| Prey Veng | 947,372 | 1,057,428 | 4,883 | 194 | 217 |
| Pursat | 397,161 | 411,759 | 12,692 | 31 | 32 |
| Ratanak Kiri | 150,466 | 204,027 | 10,782 | 14 | 19 |
| Siem Reap | 896,443 | 1,006,512 | 10,299 | 87 | 98 |
| Preah Sihanouk | 221,396 | 302,887 | 1,938 | 114 | 156 |
| Stung Treng | 111,671 | 159,565 | 11,092 | 10 | 14 |
| Svay Rieng | 482,788 | 524,554 | 2,966 | 163 | 177 |
| Takeo | 844,906 | 899,485 | 3,563 | 237 | 252 |
| Otdar Meanchey | 185,819 | 261,252 | 6,158 | 30 | 42 |
| Kep | 35,753 | 41,798 | 336 | 106 | 124 |
| Pailin | 70,486 | 71,600 | 803 | 88 | 89 |
| Tbong Khmum | 761,036 | 775,296 | 5,250 | 145 | 148 |
| Total | 13,395,682 | 15,288,489 | 178,035 | 75 | 86 |
In 802 AD, Jayavarman II of India ruled Cambodia, uniting the Khmer princes of Chenla under the name Kambuja. This start of the Khmer Empire, which flourished for over 600 years. The Indianised kingdom spread of first Hinduism and then Buddhism to much of Southeast Asia. Angkor Wat is the most popular throughout the history of Cambodia, it was designated as a World Heritage Site. From 1983, Cambodia under French protectorate under French colonial empire, later Japanese occupation during second world war and finally independence in 1953.
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