A Covid vaccine list provides SARS-COV-2 disease vaccines from various manufacturers around the world. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an established body of knowledge about the structure and function of coronaviruses causing diseases like SARS which involved development of various vaccine technologies during early 2020. Many of the vaccine candidates in 2021, 2022 and 2023 will be made trails before evaluating for the safe usage. For example, many of the vaccines that are studied in the lab and tested before they move into clinical trials in humans. Having lots of different vaccines in development increases the chances that there will be more than one successful vaccines. Vaccine performance will be based on efficacy levels. The below are the covid vaccine brands from different manufacturers.
| Vaccines | Efficacy at Preventing disease D614G & B.1.1.7 | Efficacy at Preventing infection D614G & B.1.1.7 | Efficacy at Preventing disease B.1.351 & P1 | Efficacy at Preventing infection B.1.351 & P1 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AstraZeneca | 75% | 52% | 10% | 6% |
| CoronaVac | 50% | 43% | 38% | 25% |
| Janssen | 72% | 72% | 64% | 42% |
| Moderna | 94% | 85% | 72% | 47% |
| Novavax | 89% | 77% | 49% | 32% |
| Pfizer/BioNTech | 91% | 86% | 69% | 45% |
| Sinopharm | 73% | 63% | 56% | 36% |
| Sputnik-V | 92% | 80% | 70% | 45% |
Viruses constantly change through mutation. Currently all the approved vaccines against COVID-19 were designed to act against the wild-type Wuhan strain of the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes the disease. A variant has one or more mutations that differentiate it from other variants in circulation. In recent months from November 2020 there are many variants are evolved, initially it was UK, Brazil, and South Africa Variant that are generally more contagious than the wild-type. Later it was New york, double mutant also seen spreading fast.
| Name | Vaccine Type | Primary Developers | Country of Origin |
|---|---|---|---|
| Comirnaty (BNT162b2) | mRNA-based vaccine | Pfizer, BioNTech; Fosun Pharma | Multinational |
| Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine (mRNA-1273) | mRNA-based vaccine | Moderna, BARDA, NIAID | US |
| COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca (AZD1222); also known as Vaxzevria and Covishield | Adenovirus vaccine | BARDA, OWS | UK |
| Sputnik V | Recombinant adenovirus vaccine (rAd26 and rAd5) | Gamaleya Research Institute, Acellena Contract Drug Research and Development | Russia |
| COVID-19 Vaccine Janssen (JNJ-78436735; Ad26.COV2.S) | Non-replicating viral vector | Janssen Vaccines (Johnson & Johnson) | The Netherlands, US |
| CoronaVac | Inactivated vaccine (formalin with alum adjuvant) | Sinovac | China |
| BBIBP-CorV | Inactivated vaccine | Beijing Institute of Biological Products;Â China National Pharmaceutical Group (Sinopharm) | China |
| EpiVacCorona | Peptide vaccine | Federal Budgetary Research Institution State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology | Russia |
| Convidicea (Ad5-nCoV) | Recombinant vaccine (adenovirus type 5 vector) | CanSino Biologics | China |
| Covaxin | Inactivated vaccine | Bharat Biotech, ICMR | India |
| WIBP-CorV | Inactivated vaccine | Wuhan Institute of Biological Products;Â China National Pharmaceutical Group (Sinopharm) | China |
| CoviVac | Inactivated vaccine | Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune and Biological Products | Russia |
| ZF2001 | Recombinant vaccine | Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biopharmaceutical, Institute of Microbiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences | China, Uzbekistan |
Vaccine development is the long and complex process, The current system for developing, testing, and regulating vaccines are developed during the 20th century as the groups involved standardized their procedures and regulations.
| Candidate | Mechanism | Sponsor | Institution | TrialPhase |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NVX-CoV2373 | Nanoparticle vaccine | Novavax | Novavax | Phase 3 |
| ZyCoV-D | DNA vaccine (plasmid) | Zydus Cadila | Zydus Cadila | Phase 3 |
| Corbevax | Adjuvanted protein subunit vaccine | Biological E, Baylor College of Medicine, Dynavax, CEPI | Biological E, Baylor | Phase 3 |
| Abdala (CIGB 66) | Protein subunit vaccine | Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology | Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology | Phase 3 |
| VIR-7831 | Plant-based adjuvant vaccine | Medicago;Â GSK;Â Dynavax | Medicago | Phase 3 |
| CVnCoV | mRNA-based vaccine | CureVac; GSK | CureVac | Phase 2b/3 |
| Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine | Live-attenuated vaccine | University of Melbourne and Murdoch Children's Research Institute;Â Radboud University Medical Center;Â Faustman Lab at Massachusetts General Hospital | University of Melbourne and Murdoch Children's Research Institute;Â Radboud University Medical Center;Â Faustman Lab at Massachusetts General Hospital | Phase 2/3 |
| INO-4800 | DNA vaccine (plasmid) | Inovio Pharmaceuticals | Center for Pharmaceutical Research, Kansas City. Mo.;Â University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia | Phase 2/3 |
| Name to be announced | Adenovirus-based vaccine | ImmunityBio;Â NantKwest | Phase 2/3 | |
| UB-612 | Multitope peptide-based vaccine | Vaxxinity | United Biomedical Inc. (UBI) | Phase 2/3 |
| GRAd-COV2 | Adenovirus-based vaccine | ReiThera;Â Leukocare;Â Univercells | Lazzaro Spallanzani National Institute for Infectious Diseases | Phase 2/3 |
| Name to be announced | Recombinant protein vaccine | Sanofi;Â GlaxoSmithKline | Various | Phase 2 |
| BNT162 | mRNA-based vaccine | Pfizer, BioNTech | Multiple study sites in Europe, North America and China | Phase 1/2/3 |
| Soberana 1 and 2 | Monovalent/conjugate vaccine | Finlay Institute of Vaccines | Finlay Institute of Vaccines | Phase 1/2/3 |
| AdCLD-CoV19 | Adenovirus-based vaccine | Cellid; LG Chem | Korea University Guro Hospital | Phase 1/2a |
| ABNCoV2 | cVLP-based vaccine | ExpreS2ion Biotech; Bavarian Nordic A/S | Phase 1/2 | |
| Nanocovax | Recombinant vaccine (Spike protein) | Nanogen Biopharmaceutical | Military Medical Academy (Vietnam) | Phase 1/2 |
| EuCorVac-19 | nanoparticle vaccine | EuBiologics | Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital | Phase 1/2 |
| Mambisa (CIGB 669) | Protein subunit vaccine | Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology | Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology | Phase 1/2 |
| IIBR-100 | Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) vaccine | Israel Institute for Biological Research | Hadassah Medical Center; Sheba Medical Center Hospital | Phase 1/2 |
| Name to be announced | SF9 cell vaccine candidate | West China Hospital, Sichuan University | West China Hospital, Sichuan University | Phase 1/2 |
| VLA2001 | Inactivated vaccine | Valneva; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) | Multiple NIHR testing sites | Phase 1/2 |
| Name to be announced | Adjuvanted protein subunit vaccine | CEPI | Phase 1/2 | |
| AG0301-COVID19 | DNA vaccine | AnGes, Inc. | AnGes, Inc.; Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development | Phase 1/2 |
| GX-19N | DNA vaccine | Genexine | Phase 1/2 | |
| ARCT-021 (LUNAR-COV19) | Self-replicating RNA vaccine | Arcturus Therapeutics and Duke-NUS Medical School | Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore | Phase 1/2 |
| Name to be announced | Inactivated vaccine | Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Institute of Medical Biology | West China Second University Hospital, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention | Phase 1/2 |
| HDT-301 (HGCO19) | RNA vaccine | University of Washington;Â National Institutes of Health Rocky Mountain Laboratories;Â HDT Bio Corp;Â Gennova Biopharmaceuticals | Phase 1/2 | |
| MRT5500 | mRNA-based vaccine | Sanofi, Translate Bio | Phase 1/2 | |
| AV-COVID-19 | Dendritic cell vaccine | Aivita Biomedical, Inc. | Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr Kariadi | Phase 1b/2 |
| SpFN | Spike ferritin nanoparticle vaccine | US Army Medical Research and Development Command | Walter Reed Army Institute of Research | Phase 1 |
| KBP-201 | Protein subunit vaccine | Kentucky BioProcessing, Inc. | Velocity Clinical Research; PMG Research of Winston-Salem; ICON; DM Clinical Research | Phase 1 |
| MV-014-212 | Intranasal vaccine | Meissa Vaccines, Inc. | Johnson County Clin-Trials; Meridian Clinical Research | Phase 1 |
| PTX-COVID19-B | mRNA-based vaccine | Providence Therapeutics; Canadian government | Phase 1 | |
| COVI-VAC | Intranasal vaccine | Codagenix; Serum Institute of India | Phase 1 | |
| CORVax12 | DNA vaccine (plasmid) | OncoSec; Providence Cancer Institute | Providence Portland Medical Center | Phase 1 |
| MVA-SARS-2-S | Modified vaccinia virus ankara (MVA) vector vaccine candidate | Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf; German Center for Infection Research; Philipps University Marburg Medical Center; Ludwig-Maximilians - University of Munich | University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf | Phase 1 |
| COH04S1 | Modified vaccinia virus ankara (MVA) vector vaccine candidate | City of Hope Medical Center; National Cancer Institute | City of Hope Medical Center | Phase 1 |
| pVAC | Multi-peptide vaccine candidate | University Hospital Tuebingen | University Hospital Tuebingen | Phase 1 |
| AdimrSC-2f | Protein subunit vaccine | Adimmune | Adimmune | Phase 1 |
| bacTRL-Spike | Monovalent oral vaccine (bifidobacteria) | Symvivo | Symvivo Corporation | Phase 1 |
| COVAX-19 | Monovalent recombinant protein vaccine | Vaxine Pty Ltd. | Royal Adelaide Hospital | Phase 1 |
| DelNS1-2019-nCoV-RBD-OPT1 | Replicating viral vector | Xiamen University, Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy | Jiangsu Provincial Centre For Disease Control and Prevention | Phase 1 |
| UQ-CSL V451 | Protein subunit vaccine | CSL;Â The University of Queensland | Phase 1 | |
| SCB-2019 | Protein subunit vaccine | GlaxoSmithKline, Sanofi, Clover Biopharmaceuticals, Dynavax and Xiamen Innovax; CEPI | Linear Clinical Research (Australia) | Phase 1 |
| VXA-CoV2-1 | Recombinant vaccine (adenovirus type 5 vector) | Vaxart | Vaxart | Phase 1 |
| AdCOVID | Intranasal vaccine | Altimmune; Summit Biosciences | University of Alabama at Birmingham | Phase 1 |
| AAVCOVID | Gene-based vaccine | Massachusetts Eye and Ear; Massachusetts General Hospital; University of Pennsylvania | Pre-clinical | |
| ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S | Adenovirus-based vaccine | Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis | Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis | Pre-clinical |
| HaloVax | Self-assembling vaccine | Voltron Therapeutics, Inc.; Hoth Therapeutics, Inc. | MGH Vaccine and Immunotherapy Center | Pre-clinical |
| LineaDNA | DNA vaccine | Takis Biotech | Takis Biotech | Pre-clinical |
| Name to be announced | Ii-Key peptide COVID-19 vaccine | Generex Biotechnology | Generex | Pre-clinical |
| Name to be announced | Protein subunit vaccine | University of Saskatchewan Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Centre | University of Saskatchewan Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization-International Vaccine Centre | Pre-clinical |
| Name to be announced | mRNA-based vaccine | Chulalongkorn University's Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development | Pre-clinical | |
| Name to be announced | gp96-based vaccine | Heat Biologics | University of Miami Miller School of Medicine | Pre-clinical |
| Name to be announced | Inactivated vaccine | Shenzhen Kangtai Biological Products | Pre-clinical | |
| PittCoVacc | Recombinant protein subunit vaccine (delivered through microneedle array) | UPMC/University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine | University of Pittsburgh | Pre-clinical |
| T-COVIDTM | Intranasal vaccine | Altimmune | Pre-clinical |
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