The United Kingdom (UK) consists of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to the east, the English Channel to the south and the Celtic Sea to the south-west. UK population in 2024 is 68.02 million, The total area of the United Kingdom is 94,000 square miles (240,000 square km). The number of people in England and Wales who were born outside the UK has increased by 2.5 million since 2011, Immigration is the major issue for the UK Government which subsequently lead to leave the European Union. UK includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands within the British Isles. Britain uses the Pound Sterling as Currency. The sign for the Great British Pound (GBP) is £. The UK is a leading trading power and a financial centre. Agriculture is an important industry and highly efficient. Primary energy, like coal and oil, are major contributors to the economy, but services like banking and insurance are the greatest contributors. Britain's greatest export has been the English language, now spoken in every corner of the world as one of the leading international mediums of cultural and economic exchange. GMT or 'Greenwich Mean Time' is the local time of the 0 degree meridian that passes through Greenwich in London, from which the standard times of different areas of the globe are calculated. Thus it is the standard time for Britain, and a basis for other time zones in the world.
| Population | 2011 | 2019 |
|---|---|---|
| England | 53,012,456 | 56,286,961 |
| Wales | 3,063,456 | 3,152,879 |
| Scotland | 5,295,403 | 5,463,300 |
| Northern Ireland | 1,810,863 | 1,893,667 |
| UK | 63,182,178 | 66,796,807 |
| NORTH EAST | 25,96,886 |
| NORTH WEST | 70,52,177 |
| YORKSHIRE AND THE HUMBER | 52,83,733 |
| EAST MIDLANDS | 45,33,222 |
| WEST MIDLANDS | 56,01,847 |
| EAST | 58,46,965 |
| LONDON | 81,73,941 |
| SOUTH EAST | 86,34,750 |
| SOUTH WEST | 52,88,935 |
| Population Indicators | |
|---|---|
| Fertility Rate | 1.8 |
United Kingdom Population Indicators
Fertility rate is 1.8 births per woman in 2017.
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1960 | 52,400,000 |
| 1965 | 54,348,050 |
| 1970 | 55,663,250 |
| 1975 | 56,225,800 |
| 1980 | 56,314,216 |
| 1985 | 56,550,268 |
| 1990 | 57,247,586 |
| 1995 | 58,019,030 |
| 2000 | 58,892,514 |
| 2005 | 60,401,206 |
| 2010 | 62,766,365 |
| 2015 | 65,116,219 |
| 2020 | 67,215,293 |
British people were thought to be descended mainly from the different ethnic stocks that settled there before the 11th century, For centuries people have migrated to the British Isles from many parts of the world, some to avoid political or religious persecution, others to find a better way of life. The largest ethnic minorities in Britain are those of Caribbean or African descent (1,904,684 people). The next largest ethnic groups are Indians (1,451,862 people), and Pakistani (1,174,983) and Bangladeshis (451,529), and followed by Chinese (433,150). Overall, ethnic minority groups represent just under seven per cent of the population of Great Britain. The ethnic population has migrated from the substantial immigration of people from former British colonies in the Caribbean and South Asian sub-continent during the 1950s and 1960s. Considerable numbers of Italians, Greek and Turkish Cypriots, Poles, Australians, New Zealanders and people from the United States and Canada are also resident in Britain. UK population in 2023 is 67.98 million. The United Kingdom population is predominantly White British. Lying near continental Europe, subject to many invasions and migrations from the continent, the countries that formed the United Kingdom, especially from Scandinavia, and including Roman occupation for several centuries. UK population in 2021 is 67.6 million.
| Ethnic Groups | 2011 Population |
| White | 55,010,359 |
| Gypsy / Traveller / Irish Traveller | 63,193 |
| Multiple Ethnic Groups | 1,250,229 |
| Asian / British Indian | 1,451,862 |
| Asian / British Pakistani | 1,174,983 |
| Asian / British Bangladeshi | 451,529 |
| Asian / British Chinese | 433,150 |
| Other Asian | 861,815 |
| Black / African / Caribbean / Black British | 1,904,684 |
| Other Ethnic Group | 580,374 |
English is the official language of the U.K., yet there are a variety of accents throughout the country.
The British Isles are formed as water levels rise separating them from mainland Europe in 6000 BCE. In 2200 BCE, The construction of Stonehenge is completed. The Celtic peoples begin to arrive and establish their culture in 600 BCE. Roman leader Julius Caesar invades Britain, but withdraws in 55 BCE. The Roman Empire invades Britain and makes Britannia a Roman province in 43 AD and in 50 AD The Romans found the city of Londinium (which later becomes London). By 410 AD the Romans leave Britain and Anglo-Saxons begin to settle in Britain in 450. In 793 the Vikings first arrive and Invade Britain in 866 with a large army. In 1016, The Danish conquer England and King Canute of Denmark becomes King of England. In 1078, William begins the construction of the Tower of London. In 1348, The Black Death first arrives in England and ultimately kills one third of the population. In 1508, Henry VIII is crowned king, Queen Elizabeth I in 1534, Henry VIII forms the Church of England. In 1536, England and Wales are joined by the Act of Union and in 1558, Elizabeth I becomes Queen. William Shakespeare begins writing and performing plays in 1591. The East India Company is established in 1600. By 1602, James I becomes king and rules over England and Scotland. He is the first of the Stuart family to rule. In 1707, England and Scotland are united as one country called Great Britain. In 1801, The British and Irish parliaments are joined by the Act of Union to create the United Kingdom.
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